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Developments in Artificial Intelligence Research |
06/15/33
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Developments in Artificial Intelligence Research In a course of 50 years of research, AI has developed a large number of tools to solve the most difficult problems in computer science. These tools were the approaches that led to many discoveries and developments in AI research. We list a few below:
These are computer systems that simulate the knowledge and analytical skills of a human expert- be it in medicine, law, mathematics, or almost any field.
In the 1960s, scientists developed machines that could play complicated strategic games such as chess, in an attempt to create machines that could think by themselves. The computer processed large amounts of data on alternative moves, in order to simulate the thinking process. A highly publicized success in this area was achieved in 1997 when the IBM supercomputer named "Deep Blue" beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov in a match.
One of the problems which AI research has encountered is that tasks which human beings find difficult, like mathematics or playing chess, turn out to be quite easy for computers. On the other hand, tasks which human beings find easy, like learning to navigate through a room full of furniture, or recognizing faces, computers find comparatively difficult. Therefore, researchers tried to develop systems which have (superficially, at least) brain-like properties. Research based upon this strategy has come to be known as the field of Artificial Neural Networks. An interesting aspect of Artificial Neural Networks is that many of these systems also have the ability to learn, thereby incorporating some of the advantages of the machine learning strategy to solving the problem of Common Sense Knowledge. http://youtu.be/1zD45oO0ZO4
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